Urea is the first synthetic organic compound, which was first synthesized by German chemist Willer. It is industrially prepared from ammonia and carbon dioxide at high temperature and high pressure.
Urea, referred to as urea for short, is a white needle-like crystal, odorless and salty, with a melting point of 130 degrees Celsius. When heated above the melting point, two molecules of urea can be deaminated to form one molecule of biuret, and ammonia gas is released at the same time. Urea is the product of protein metabolism in mammals. A normal adult discharges about 30 grams of urea every day. Because urea was first extracted from urine, it got its name. Urea in the body can combine with oxalic acid in food to form oxalate urea precipitate, which is one of the components that form urinary calculi. In nature, urea can also be hydrolyzed into carbon dioxide and ammonia under the action of bacteria. Urea can be used to synthesize plastics and drugs in industry, and it can also be directly used for medicine. Urea injection for medicine can be used to reduce intracranial pressure, and sulfonylurea can be used for anti-inflammation.